脂肪形式和來源對(duì)生長豬脂肪和脂肪酸消化率的影響

2017-8-29 09:28| 發(fā)布者: 畜牧編輯| 查看: 4319| 評(píng)論: 3|原作者: 畜牧編輯

　　2017. J. Anim. Sci. 95(7):3103-3109
　　脂肪形式和來源對(duì)生長豬脂肪和脂肪酸消化率的影響

　　Z. C. Li, Y. B. Su, X.H. Bi, Q. Y. Wang ,J. Wang , J. B. Zhao, L. Liu, F. L. Wang, D. F. Li and C.H. Lai

　　本試驗(yàn)的主要目的在于比較不同來源脂肪（玉米DDGS、米糠、大豆）和脂肪形式（提純或原料中的油脂）對(duì)酸水解乙醚提取物（acid-hydrolyzed ether extract， AEE）和脂肪酸表觀消化率和真消化率的影響。

　　本試驗(yàn)檢測(cè)和比較了精煉和粗制玉米油、米糠油和大豆油的酸水解乙醚提取物和脂肪酸表觀消化率和真消化率的差異。試驗(yàn)選用78頭去勢(shì)公豬（初始重47.2±3.9kg，品種為杜長大），隨機(jī)分為13個(gè)日糧處理，每個(gè)處理6頭。13種日糧包括1個(gè)玉米淀粉-豆粕型基礎(chǔ)日糧（AEE為0.56%）、3個(gè)含6%精制油脂（玉米油、米糠油和大豆油）、3個(gè)玉米DDGS（17%、34%、51%）、3個(gè)全脂米糠（14%、28%、42%）、3個(gè)全脂大豆（添加量12%、24%、36%）。不同添加量的玉米DDGS、全脂米糠、全脂大豆分別提供2、4、6%的油脂。去勢(shì)公豬飼養(yǎng)在個(gè)體代謝籠中，每天飼喂體重4%的飼料。在7天適應(yīng)期后，收集5天的糞便。計(jì)算每種日糧AEE的表觀消化率。使用回歸法計(jì)算內(nèi)源AEE含量和AEE真消化率。提純油脂AEE的表觀消化率顯著高于原料中油脂消化率（P＜0.05）。與提純油相比，原料中油脂的棕櫚酸（C16:0）、硬脂酸（C18:0）、油酸（C18:1）、亞油酸（C18:2）、和亞麻酸（C18:3）的真消化率更低（P＜0.01）。但是油脂形式和來源對(duì)硬脂酸、亞油酸、亞麻酸的真消化率有互作（P＜0.01）。

　　玉米油和米糠油硬脂酸、亞油酸、亞麻酸的真消化率顯著高于玉米DDGS和全脂米糠油脂的消化率（P＜0.05），而大豆油和全脂大豆之間確沒有顯著差異。總之，油脂從原料中提取之后消化率有顯著提高，特別對(duì)于飽和脂肪酸來說。全脂米糠和米糠油中AEE的表觀消化率低于玉米和大豆油脂。玉米DDGS和全脂大豆的AEE真消化率高于全脂米糠。

　　Effects of lipid form and source on digestibility of fat and fatty acids in growing pigs

　　Z. C. Li, Y. B. Su, X.H. Bi, Q. Y. Wang ,J. Wang , J. B. Zhao, L. Liu, F. L. Wang, D. F. Li and C.H. Lai

　　The objective of this study was to compare the effect of source (corn DDGS, rice bran, or soybean) or form of oil (extracted or intact) on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and true total tract digestibility (TTTD) of acid-hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE) and fatty acids. The study determined and compared the ATTD or TTTD of AEE and fatty acids in extracted corn oil, rice oil, and soybean oil with intact oil in corn DDGS, full-fat rice bran, and full-fat soybean. Seventy-eight barrows (initial BW = 47.2 ± 3.9 kg; Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were allotted to 1of 13 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with 6 barrows in each dietary treatment. The 13 experimental diets included 1 corn starch-soybean meal basal diet (AEE, 0.56%) and 3 diets containing 6% extracted oils (corn oil, rice oil, and soybean oil) and 9 diets supplemented with 3 levels of corn DDGS (17%, 34%, and 51%), full-fat rice bran (14%, 28%, and 42%), and full-fat soybean (12%, 24%, and 36%). These diets provided about 2%, 4%, and 6% intact oil, respectively. The barrows were housed in individual metabolism crates and were fed the assigned test diets at 4% of initial BW per day. A 5-d total collection of feces followed a 7-d diet adaptation period. The ATTD of AEE were calculated for each diet. The endogenous flow of AEE associated with each ingredient and values for TTTD were calculated using regression methods. The ATTD of AEE were greater (P < 0.05) for extracted oil than for intact oil. Compared to extracted oil, intact oil had lower (P< 0.01) ATTD of palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid(C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3). However, a source by form interaction (P < 0.01) was observed for ATTD of C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3. The ATTD of C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 in extracted corn and rice oil were greater compared with intact corn DDGS and rice oil (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference for the ATTD of C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 between extracted soybean oil and intact oil in full-fat soybean. In conclusion, lipids that are extracted have a greater digestibility compared with intact lipids, and this is especially true regarding saturated fatty acids. The ATTD of AEE in 2 forms of rice oil (intact oil and extracted oil) was less than the values in corn oil and soybean oil. The TTTD of AEE in corn DDGS and full-fat soybeans were greater than in full-fat rice bran.
翻譯：朱滔來源：豬營養(yǎng)國際論壇CSIS