Modulation of intestinal celldifferentiation in growing pigs is dependent on the fiber source in the diet
M. Saqui-Salces , Z. Huang, M. FerrandisVila, J. Li, J. A. Mielke, P. E. Urriola and G. C. Shurson
Feeding high-fiber diets decreases cost,but also caloric and nutritional efficiency by modifying intestinal morphologyand function. We analyzed the changes in intestinal cell composition, nutrienttransporters and receptors, and cell differentiation induced by fibers fromdifferent sources. Forty-six finishing pigs (BW 84 ± 7 kg) were fed 1 of 4diets: corn-soybean (Control; n = 12), 23% wheat straw (WS; n = 11), 55% corndistillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; n = 11), and 30% soybean hulls(SBH; n = 12). Pigs were fed 2 meals daily to an amount equivalent to 2.5% ofinitial BW for 14 d in metabolism cages. Ilea were collected for histologicaland gene expression analysis after euthanasia. Data were analyzed using theKruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons and differencesconsidered significant when P < 0.05. The enterocyte marker was increased (P< 0.03) by feeding SBH compared with Control and WS diets. Goblet cellspresence was greater (P < 0.01) in pigs fed WS and DDGS compared withControl, and in pigs fed WS compared with SBH (P = 0.02). Mucin 2 expressionwas greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed DDGS and SBH compared with Control diet.No changes were observed for endocrine and Paneth cells markers, villus andcrypt length, or proliferation index. Compared with the Control, geneexpression of receptors for oligopeptides, calcium, glucose, fructose, freefatty acid receptor 1, and G protein-coupled receptors 119 and 84 was increased(P < 0.05) by feeding WS and DDGS diets. Feeding SBH diet repressed (P <0.005) the umami receptor compared with WS and DDGS diets, while DDGS repressed(P = 0.02) its expression compared with Control. Pigs fed DDGS had reduced (P< 0.001) fatty acid receptor 2, and those fed SBH showed increased (P <0.05) fatty acid translocase expression compared with WS and DDGS pigs. FeedingWS and DDGS diets induced (P < 0.01) the expression of stem cell markerr-spondin receptor (LGR5), while olfactomedin 4 was reduced (P < 0.02) byfeeding DDGS compared with Control. The expression of delta-like Notch ligand 4was induced (P < 0.05) by all fibers compared with Control. Transcriptionfactors atonal factor 1 and Wnt family 3A were suppressed (P < 0.001) by WSand DDGS compared with Control. In conclusion, feeding diets containing WS andDDGS modulated intestinal differentiation by promoting goblet cells and alteredexpression of nutrient receptors and transporters in growing pigs, whilefeeding SBH had less effect。
翻譯： 李光燃 來源：豬營養國際論壇CSIS