談?wù)剬?duì)維吉尼亞霉素在奶牛料中的應(yīng)用有何看法？

hxj153

莫能菌素也不能用啊，大家伙積點(diǎn)德吧！不能瞎整了！

xjdairyliu

諾必達(dá)牛至油預(yù)混劑在奶牛日糧中添加5克，對(duì)于體細(xì)胞數(shù)較高的奶牛非常有用，對(duì)預(yù)防乳房炎非常有用。 抗菌素還是不要加了，搞亂市場(chǎng)誰(shuí)也得不到好。

kaisal

維吉尼亞霉素確實(shí)能防制牛的酸中毒，如果對(duì)此有何疑問(wèn)，可以進(jìn)一步交流。
Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 82 No. 7 1545-1554
© 1999 by American Dairy Science Association ® This Article

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Effects of Feeding Virginiamycin and Sodium Bicarbonate to Grazing Lactating Dairy Cows
E. H. Clayton 1, I. J. Lean 2, J. B. Rowe 1, and J. W. Cox 3
1 Division of Animal Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
2 Bovine Research Australasia, P.O. Box 660, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
3 Pfizer Pty. Ltd. 38-42 Wharf Rd., P.O. Box 57, West Ryde, New South Wales, Australia



The effects of virginiamycin, an agent active against Gram-positive lactic acid-producing bacteria, and NaHCO3 on ruminal and fecal Ph, rumen volatile fatty acid proportions, blood metabolites, and milk production and composition were assessed. This study was conducted over 28 d and involved 71 dairy cows that grazed predominantly ryegrass, oats, and clover, and that were fed 10 kg of concentrate pellets/d per head. The pellets contained (per kilogram) no dietary additive, 30 mg of virginiamycin, 20 g of NaHCO3, or 30 mg of virginiamycin and 20 g of NaHCO3 on a DM basis.

Ruminal pH tended to be higher in cows fed pellets containing virginiamycin (7.0 vs. 6.9; SED = 0.16). The results of in vitro incubation of ruminal fluid with glucose found the potential for L-lactic acid accumulation in ruminal fluid to be significantly lower in cows fed virginiamycin (15.5 vs. 35.3 mmol/L; SED = 2.98). Cows fed virginiamycin had significantly higher fecal pH (6.72 vs. 6.57; SED = 0.08) and produced more milk (23.94 vs. 23.32 kg/d) and more lactose than those not fed virginiamycin. No effects of NaHCO3 on fecal pH, in vitro potential for L-lactic acid accumulation in ruminal fluid, or milk production were observed, but ruminal pH tended to be higher and ruminal acetate proportion was greater for cows fed NaHCO3. Milk fat and milk protein percentage did not differ significantly as a result of dietary treatment. These data suggest that the inclusion of virginiamycin in the diet will reduce L-lactic acid accumulation in ruminal fluid and increase fecal pH in grazing dairy cattle fed concentrate supplements.

Key Words: virginiamycin • sodium bicarbonate • lactic acidosis • ruminal pH

Submitted on July 27, 1998

kaisal

僅供參考！！
該論文摘要的中譯文大致意思：
論文：Effects of Feeding Virginiamycin and Sodium Bicarbonate to Grazing Lactating Dairy Cows
  作者：E.H.CLAYTON, I.J.LEAN, J.B.ROWE, and J.W.COX
摘要
分析了VM和NaHCO3對(duì)反芻動(dòng)物糞便PH、瘤胃揮發(fā)性脂肪酸含量、血液代謝物，以及奶產(chǎn)量和奶成分的影響。VM，即virginiamycin（維吉尼霉素），是一種抗革蘭氏陽(yáng)性乳酸菌的抗生素。本試驗(yàn)選取奶牛71頭，試驗(yàn)期28天。日糧主要以牧場(chǎng)生長(zhǎng)的黑麥、燕麥和苜蓿為主，并且每天每頭補(bǔ)飼10 Kg濃縮顆粒飼料。每Kg顆粒料在基礎(chǔ)日糧的基礎(chǔ)上添加30 mg VM，或20 g NaHCO3，或同時(shí)添加30 mg VM和20 g NaHCO3。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果：飼喂含VM的顆粒料后瘤胃PH升高（7.0 vs.6.9，SED＝0.16）。含有葡萄糖的瘤胃液在體外孵育，發(fā)現(xiàn)飼喂VM（15.5 vs.35.3mmol/L；SED＝2.98）的奶牛L－乳酸的累積顯著降低；添加VM奶牛的糞便PH升高顯著（6.72 vs.6.57，SED＝0.08），產(chǎn)奶量（23.94 vs.23.32 kg/d）和乳糖含量均有增加。添加NaHCO3對(duì)糞便PH、L－乳糖累積和泌乳量都無(wú)影響，但體液PH和醋酸鹽含量均升高；乳脂和乳蛋白含量無(wú)明顯變化。以上結(jié)果表明，在泌乳奶牛的補(bǔ)充精料中添加VM可以減少反芻動(dòng)物體內(nèi)乳酸的累積，提高糞便PH。

kaisal

按政策規(guī)定，目前沒有那種抗生素可用于奶牛！所以飼料安全問(wèn)題要放在一定高度！
僅就回復(fù)樓主，維吉尼亞霉素在作用效果方面：
維吉尼亞霉素在精料中添加20ppm能選擇性地抑制革蘭氏陽(yáng)性菌如牛鏈球菌等，提高飼料利用率，促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)和提高產(chǎn)奶量；預(yù)防因金色葡萄球菌感染引起的乳房炎；減少牛奶中的體細(xì)胞數(shù)，提高牛奶品質(zhì)。
維吉尼亞霉素是內(nèi)酯環(huán)肽類抗菌劑，由大環(huán)內(nèi)酯M因子和環(huán)狀多肽S因子天然組成，這兩種因子具有協(xié)同作用，既在瘤胃發(fā)生作用，還可在盲腸繼續(xù)抑制細(xì)菌發(fā)酵產(chǎn)酸。

kaisal

牛的酸中毒：
肉牛在育肥期和奶牛在產(chǎn)奶期都需要補(bǔ)充高能量的谷物飼料（含大量淀粉），這些高淀粉飼料進(jìn)入瘤胃消化分解后被吸收利用。在牛的瘤胃和盲腸中的一些菌群主要是牛鏈球菌屬、乳酸菌屬和葡萄球菌在消化分解淀粉時(shí)可以產(chǎn)生乳酸，大量乳酸蓄積的結(jié)果是導(dǎo)致酸中毒。酸中毒會(huì)引起奶牛消化不良、腹瀉、脫水、肝膿腫、蹄葉炎、流產(chǎn)、生產(chǎn)性能下降等問(wèn)題，嚴(yán)重時(shí)可引起死亡，造成重大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。

kaisal

中國(guó)畜牧獸醫(yī) >> 2008年35卷5期 >> 摘要
日糧添加維吉尼亞霉素對(duì)肉牛瘤胃發(fā)酵及糞便pH的影響
摘　　要:選取4頭帶有永久性瘤胃瘺管的肉牛，采用3×3拉丁方試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，研究了給精粗比例為60：40的日糧添加維吉尼亞霉素和碳酸氫鈉對(duì)瘤胃發(fā)酵及糞便pH的影響。試驗(yàn)處理分別為：維吉尼亞霉素組（30mg／kg精料）、碳酸氫鈉組（20g／kg精料）和對(duì)照組。結(jié)果顯示，維吉尼亞霉素組、碳酸氫鈉組和對(duì)照組的瘤胃液pH分別為6．44、6．46和6．38（0．05〈P〈0．10）；維吉尼亞霉素組的氨氮濃度顯著高于碳酸氫鈉組和對(duì)照組（P〈0．05）；與對(duì)照組相比，日糧添加維吉尼亞霉素有提高瘤胃液中總揮發(fā)酸和乙酸濃度的趨勢(shì)，并導(dǎo)致丁酸濃度和乙酸丙酸比例顯著提高（P〈0．05），碳酸氫鈉對(duì)揮發(fā)酸沒有顯著影響；與對(duì)照組相比，日糧添加維吉尼亞霉素和碳酸氫鈉均顯著提高了糞便pH，但維吉尼亞霉素的作用效果更顯著（P〈0．01）；與對(duì)照組相比，日糧添加維吉尼亞霉素和碳酸氫鈉有提高血清葡萄糖濃度的趨勢(shì)。 (共4頁(yè))

kaisal

中國(guó)優(yōu)秀碩士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
日糧中添加維吉尼亞霉素和莫能霉素對(duì)肉牛消化代謝的影響
實(shí)驗(yàn)一選用4頭健康并安裝永久性三位瘺管的雜交肉牛作為試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物,研究高精日糧條件下(精粗比60:40)維吉尼亞霉素、莫能霉素和碳酸氫鈉對(duì)肉牛消化代謝的影響。試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)采用4×4拉丁方。結(jié)果表明:維吉尼亞霉素、莫能霉素和碳酸氫鈉處理組瘤胃液pH平均值高于對(duì)照組,但其差異未達(dá)到顯著水平(p>.05)。與對(duì)照組相比,碳酸氫鈉組、莫能霉素組中瘤胃液NH3-N濃度差異不顯著,而維吉尼亞霉素處理組顯著高于其它3組(p<0.05)。瘤胃液中TVFA濃度從高到低依次為維吉尼亞霉素處理組(95.39mmol/l)、碳酸氫鈉處理組(92.79mmol/l)、對(duì)照組(88.29mmol/l)和莫能霉素(88.18mmol/l),但組間差異不顯著。在采食后2-9h期間,維吉尼亞霉素組中瘤胃液VFA濃度顯著高于對(duì)照組和碳酸氫鈉組(p<.05)。同時(shí)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析也表明,日糧中添加維吉尼亞霉素、莫能霉素和碳酸氫鈉對(duì)瘤胃中原蟲總數(shù)無(wú)顯著影響;添加維吉尼亞霉素和莫能霉素對(duì)血液中葡萄糖、乳酸和尿素氮濃度產(chǎn)生顯著影響(P<.05);添加碳酸氫鈉對(duì)血液中葡萄糖、乳酸和尿素氮的含量均無(wú)顯著影響。在體外培養(yǎng)條件下,不同添加物對(duì)體瘤胃液中乳酸發(fā)...

kaisal

對(duì)此感興趣者可以進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系給予詳細(xì)資料支持。

xr08

從我做起，拋除小利益，遵守國(guó)家飼料法規(guī)。