13kg和50kg豬對(duì)日糧脂肪消化能、代謝能和凈能含量的影響

畜牧編輯

　　2017. J. Anim. Sci. 95(9): 3984-3995

　　13kg和50kg豬對(duì)日糧脂肪消化能、代謝能和凈能含量的影響

　　T. A. Kellner and J. F. Patience
　　本研究的目的在于通過(guò)多種手段檢測(cè)日糧脂肪的能量含量，并通過(guò)這些數(shù)據(jù)建立化學(xué)分析值和能量之間的回歸方程。試驗(yàn)選用120頭PIC去勢(shì)公豬（品種為Genetiporc 6.0 × Genetiporc F25），單欄飼喂56天。這些去勢(shì)公豬（初始重9.9±0.6kg）隨機(jī)分為15個(gè)日糧處理。所有試驗(yàn)日糧由95%玉米豆粕型基礎(chǔ)日糧和5%玉米淀粉或其他14種油脂組成。14種油脂提供的不飽和脂肪酸:飽和脂肪酸比例范圍很大，樣品具有代表性，其中包括動(dòng)植物混合油、菜籽油、精煉動(dòng)物油A、精煉動(dòng)物油B、椰子油、玉米油A、玉米油B、魚(yú)油、亞麻油、棕櫚油、禽脂、大豆油A、大豆油B、牛油。試驗(yàn)第0-10天和第46-56天期間限制飼喂，前7天為適應(yīng)期，后3天（第7-10天，體重為13kg；第53-56天，體重50kg）為糞便收集期。體重為13kg時(shí)，所有14種油脂的消化能、代謝能、凈能平均為8.42、8.26、7.27Mcal/kg。50kg體重時(shí)，所有14種油脂的消化能、代謝能、凈能平均為8.45、8.28、7.29 Mcal/kg。13kg體重時(shí)，DE（Mcal/kg）= 9.363 + [0.097 × (游離脂肪酸, %)] − [0.016 ×n-6:n-3脂肪酸比例] − [1.240 × (花生酸, %)] − [5.054 × (不溶性雜質(zhì), %)] + [0.014 ×(棕櫚酸, %)] (P = 0.008, R2 = 0.82)。50kg體重時(shí)，DE (Mcal/kg) = 8.357 + [0.189 × 不飽和脂肪酸:飽和脂肪酸比例] − [0.195 × (游離脂肪酸, %)] − [6.768 ×(二十二碳酸, %)] + [0.024 × (多不飽和脂肪酸, %)] (P =0.002, R2 = 0.81)。總之，日糧脂肪的化學(xué)組成是引起日糧脂肪能值差異的主要原因。

　　The digestible energy, metabolizable energy, and net energy content of dietary fat sources in thirteen- and fifty-kilogram pigs

　　T. A. Kellner and J. F. Patience

　　The objective was to determine the energy concentration of a diverse array of dietary fat sources and, from these data, develop regression equations that explain differences based on chemical composition. A total of 120 Genetiporc 6.0 × Genetiporc F25 (PIC, Inc., Hendersonville, TN) individually housed barrows were studied for 56 d. These barrows (initial BW of 9.9 ± 0.6 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 15 dietary treatments. Each experimental diet included 95% of a corn–soybean meal basal diet plus 5% either corn starch or 1 of 14 dietary fat sources. The 14 dietary fat sources (animal–vegetable blend, canola oil, choice white grease source A, choice white grease source B, coconut oil, corn oil source A, corn oil source B, fish oil, flaxseed oil, palm oil, poultry fat, soybean oil source A, soybean oil source B, and tallow) were selected to provide a diverse and robust range of unsaturated fatty acid:SFA ratios (U:S). Pigs were limit-fed experimental diets from d 0 to 10 and from d 46 to 56, providing a 7-d adaption for fecal collection on d 7 to 10 (13 kg BW) and d 53 to 56 (50 kg BW). At 13 kg BW, the average energy content of the 14 sources was 8.42 Mcal DE/kg, 8.26 Mcal ME/kg, and 7.27 Mcal NE/kg. At 50 kg BW, the average energy content was 8.45 Mcal DE/kg, 8.28 Mcal ME/kg, and 7.29 Mcal NE/kg. At 13 kg BW, the variation of dietary fat DE content was explained by DE (Mcal/kg) = 9.363 + [0.097 × (FFA,%)] − [0.016 × omega-6:omega-3 fatty acids ratio] − [1.240 × (arachidic acid, %)] − [5.054 × (insoluble impurities, %)] + [0.014 × (palmitic acid, %)] (P =0.008, R2 = 0.82). At 50 kg BW, the variation of dietary fat DE content was explained by DE (Mcal/kg) = 8.357 + [0.189 × U:S] − [0.195 × (FFA, %)] − [6.768× (behenic acid, %)] + [0.024 × (PUFA, %)] (P = 0.002, R2 = 0.81). In summary,the chemical composition of dietary fat explained a large degree of the variation observed in the energy content of dietary fat sources at both 13 and 50 kg BW.

　　翻譯：朱滔 轉(zhuǎn)自： 豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇CSIS